A forest is a community of trees, shrubs, herbs, and associated plants and organisms that cover a considerable area that use oxygen, water and soil nutrients as the community attains maturity and reproduces itself. Common tree species are oak, beech, maple, elm, birch, willow, and hickory trees. Classification of forests classification of major kinds of forests of the world types of forests are classified differently from one and another depending upon the species developed with the age of forests, soil found in those forests, the density of trees and history of the geological region. It also covers some parts of africa, australia and south america. At gapminder where also data on primary forests, wood coverage or wood removal is available the data can be plotted against a second variable. Besides plenty of birds, bats, sloths, scorpions and snails are found in these jungles. Hanson 1962 defines forest as a stand of trees growing close together with associated plants of various kinds. In this type of forest there is a distinct cooler dry season and a distinct wet season. There are three types of forests that are explained briefly below. Research on these most complex of ecological systems has focused on mechanisms for the maintenance of high diversity, and forest.
They are adapted to both cold winters and warm summer weather. The objectives of this study were developed within a larger project carried out by the institute of forest and environmental policy ifp, university of freiburg, called conservation of. Forest world atheneum books for young readers is her latest middle grade verse novel which follows the journey cubanborn but u. There are 3 different types of forests and each forest has different temperatures, vegetations and rainfall. The one horned rhinoceros in the jungles of west bengal and assam. This forest covers a large part of southwestern africa and southwestern north america. United nations environment programme world conservation monitoring centre divides the worlds forest into 26 major types, which reflect climatic zones as well as the principal types of trees. Types of places listed include the entire planet, continents, regions, countries, provinces, states, and territories. What are the different types of forest in the world.
Tropical forests, while occupying only onetenth of the worlds land area, are disproportionately important in terms of global biogeochemical cycles and as home to more than half of the worlds species. This biodiversity is essential for the continued health and functioning of forest ecosystems, and. Evergreen forests are usually found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a temperature of 15 c to 30 c. It summarizes experiences in preparing for and reacting to climate change in. Forests are storehouses of a large variety of life forms such as plants, mammals, birds, insects and reptiles etc.
Common animals that live in the forest are squirrels, rabbits, birds, deer, wolves, foxes, and bears. On average, there are 34 tree species per square km. An ecosystem can be defined as a community that is relatively selfcontained. Imagine his surprise when he meets twelveyearold luza, a sister he didnt know he had, who lives in the forest with their father and grandfather.
Champion and seth 1968 recognized sixteen types of forest which are listed below. Forests types of forests and classification list of. The common animals found in these forests are elephants, lemur, monkey, and deer. This article is a list of countries by forest area. In this chapter, we provide an outline of the principal forest types that occur in the main climatic regions of the world, to gain an appreciation to how each is adapted to its own environment. Create a forest type quiz to test your class members. The objectives of this study were developed within a. Pdf the forest vegetation of ethiopia researchgate. Methods we conducted a metaanalysis of published empirical case. Global ecological forest classification and forest protected area. Tropical most tropical forests receive large continued.
We will clearly be able to see where the forest ecosystem begins and where it ends. However, by latitude, the three main types of forests are tropical, temperate. Forest types of the world temperate and boreal forest types 1 evergreen needleleaf forest natural forest with 30% canopy cover, in which the canopy is predominantly 75% needleleaf and evergreen. The following types of forests are found in india which cover. Archived pdf from the original on 24 september 2015. Forest types classification based on multisource data fusion article pdf available in remote sensing 911. Pdf forest types classification based on multisource.
Because of pollution and deforestation, many types of forests around the world are in need of extra protection. Evergreen needleleaf forest natural forest with 30% canopy cover, in which the canopy is predominantly. Seasonal or monsoon forest monsoon forests are tropical moist or seasonal rainforests found primarily in asia indiasri lanka to china, west and east africa, northern australia, and eastern brazil. Forests cover onethird of the worlds land surfacemore than 15. Classification and description of world formation types. In this type of forest, the canopy is composed of deciduous trees with thorns. United states department of agriculture forest rocky mountain general technical service research station report rmrsgtr346 august 2016 classification and description of world formation types don faberlangendoen, todd keelerwolf, del meidinger, carmen josse. Percentage data was calculated using information from the cias world factbook 2011.
Presentday forest biomes, biological communities that are dominated by trees and other woody vegetation spurr and barnes 1980, can be classified according to numerous characteristics, with seasonality being the most widely used. Within this vast area youll find all types of habitats, from the boreal forests of canada to the jungles of brazil. Forests can be classified according to a wide number of characteristics, with distinct forest types occuring within each broad category. Fao sees enormous challenges, reflecting the larger constraints of low income, weak policies, and inadequately developed institutions in africa. This handout describes the forest types found in minnesota and shows the species included in each forest type. Each year, millions of acres of forest around the world are destroyed or degraded by fire. The structure, distribution, and biomass of the worlds forests. Fires are a natural and beneficial part of the forest landscape, but they can be a problem when they occur in the wrong place, at the wrong frequency or at the wrong severity. This flagship publication is part of the state of the world series of the food and agriculture organization of. Types of forest there are different types of forests which can be seen in different. Search for library items search for lists search for.
Champion 1936 recognized major types of forest in india. Also the forests have abundant microorganisms and fungi, which do. Tropical deciduos forests found in the india, northern australia and central usa. Its important to remember how important a role forests play in the planets ecosystem, and to do what you can in order to help the conservationists fighting to protect the plants and animals that live. The total forest and tree cover of the country as per 20 assessment is 78. On a global basis the most important types of tropical moist forest include lowland evergreen rain forests, upper and lower montane rain forests, heath forests, peat. Every forest is different, but some share common traits based on the local climate. Natural resources forests introduction a forest is a complex ecosystem which is predominantly composed of trees, shrubs and is usually a closed canopy. The same amount is lost to logging and agriculture combined. The partners wwf and the world bank set a target of achieving 200 million hectares of production forests under independently certified sustainable management, and to frame this work produced a. These 26 forest categories are used to enable the translation of forest types from national and regional classification systems to a harmonised global one. Explain to class that just like animals, forests have different types.
The major forest types are dry tropical forests in the sahel, eastern and southern africa, moist tropical forests in western and central africa, subtropical forest and woodlands in northern africa, and mangroves in coastal zones of the southern tip. Africas forest cover is estimated at 650 million hectares or 17 percent of the worlds forests. Classification of forests major forest types of the world. Pdf the ethiopian forest types are physiognomically and floristically characterized. Forests are the home to more than half the known species of land animals and plants. This forest is below 1200 m altitudes with 30% canopy cover. National vegetation classification partnership between u. Securing rights for improved incomes from forests in india, guatemala and mexico 6. However, by latitude, the three main types of forests are tropical, temperate, and boreal. While the world is on lockdown, were continuing to support our wonderful tree planting communities in kenya with emergency aid for food and clean water they need that lifeline, more than ever before. Forest ecology and management center for international. Temperate broadleaved deciduous and mixed forest 5. Forest rocky mountain general technical service research station report rmrsgtr346 august 2016 classification and description of world formation types don faberlangendoen, todd keelerwolf, del meidinger, carmen josse, alan weakley, david tart, gonzalo navarro, bruce hoagland, serguei ponomarenko, gene fults, eileen helmer. This system divides the worlds forests into 26 major types, which reflect climatic zones as well as the principal types of trees.
Minnesota forest types minnesota department of natural. A revised survey of the forest types of india ebook, 1968. So, a forest ecosystem is an ecosystem that is distinct, with distinct boundaries. An evergreen forest is a forest consisting entirely or mainly of evergreen trees that retain green foliage all year round.
Hundreds of more precise definitions of forest are used throughout the world. Forest area % of land area world bank open data data. The usda forest service makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, reliability, completeness or utility of these geospatial data, or for the improper or incorrect use of these geospatial data. There are also more specific types of forests within these larger regions. The forest is dense and is filled with a large variety of trees of both types. Forest, categories, types, functions and institutional. Tropical evergreen forests found near the equator and in the tropic zones. Different types of forests geography for kids mocomi. Types of forests in india and world one needs to visit in. Tropical rainforests have an astonishing biodiversity with anywhere between. World bank annual data since 1990 data on forest area % of land area by country is available in the world development indicators wdi published by.
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